How does nephrotic and nephritic syndrome differ in their pathophysiology?

In nephritic syndrome, you’d expect urine sediment with red cells, white cells, and protein, but not to the same level as you see with nephrotic syndrome. The patient usually has a more prominent creatinine elevation and hypertension as well. That’s how you can remember the difference between nephrotic and nephritic.

What is nephritic syndrome?

The nephritic syndrome is a clinical syndrome that presents as hematuria, elevated blood pressure, decreased urine output, and edema. The major underlying pathology is inflammation of the glomerulus that results in nephritic syndrome.

How are nephrotic syndromes different?

Nephrotic syndrome may cause of severe edema (or anasarca). It can be differentiated from edema caused by congestive heart failure (CHF) or hepatic disease by the presence of severe proteinuria, which makes examination of the urine mandatory.

What is the pathophysiology of nephrotic syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome refers to the symptoms caused by renal injury in which large amounts of protein are lost in the urine. Common manifestations of the syndrome are proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypercoagulability.

What are the types of nephrotic syndrome?

Common primary causes of nephrotic syndrome include kidney diseases such as minimal-change nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and focal glomerulosclerosis. Secondary causes include systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus, lupus erythematosus, and amyloidosis.

How is nephrotic syndrome different from heart failure?

In heart failure without kidney disease, the patient will have little or no proteinuria. Nephrotic syndrome with renal impairment, such as may occur in IgA nephropathy, may cause secondary reduction in heart function, with cardiomegaly on exam.

What is primary and secondary nephrotic syndrome?

How does nephrotic syndrome cause heart disease?

With nephrotic syndrome, cholesterol also builds up in your blood. When you have too much cholesterol in your blood, clumps form inside your veins and arteries, which can cause a heart attack or a stroke.

How dangerous is nephrotic syndrome?

Blood clots — People with nephrotic syndrome are at an increased risk of blood clots in the veins or arteries. Clots in the veins can travel to the lungs. This can be dangerous, or even fatal. (See “Hypercoagulability in nephrotic syndrome” .)

What leads to nephrotic syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome can also be caused by systemic diseases, which are diseases that affect many parts of the body, such as diabetes or lupus. Systemic diseases that affect the kidneys are called secondary causes of nephrotic syndrome.

Can nephrotic syndrome kill you?

Nephrotic Syndrome may kill you. Whether Nephrotic Syndrome can kill you or not depends on many factors, such as its complications, clinical factors, treatment, nursing care, etc. For example, if your blood pressure and blood cholesterol level can not bring under control timely, it may increase your risk of heart attack.

What are characteristics of the nephrotic syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome is characterized by the following: a high amount of protein present in the urine (proteinuria) high cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the blood ( hyperlipidemia) low levels of a protein called albumin in the blood ( hypoalbuminemia) swelling ( edema ), particularly in your ankles and feet, and around your eyes