What is the adaptive advantage of Anabaena?

Anabaena spiroides has the ability to maintain intense biomass production for extensive periods in the epilimnion of a small eutrophic lake characterized by conditions shown to cause photooxidative death in a number of other phytoplankton.

How does Anabaena fix nitrogen?

Concomitantly with the differentiation of Anabaena into a higher proportion of nitrogen-fixing heterocysts, relative to the photosynthetic cells, a reduction of photosynthesis and CO2 fixation occurs in cyanobacterial filaments, which are supplied with sucrose by the host plant (Chapman and Margulis, 1998).

What are the characteristics of Anabaena?

Anabaena, genus of nitrogen-fixing blue-green algae with beadlike or barrel-like cells and interspersed enlarged spores (heterocysts), found as plankton in shallow water and on moist soil.

Is Anabaena a Biofertilizer?

Cyanobacteria, such as Nostoc and Anabaena strains, have great potential as nitrogenous biofertilizer derived from solar energy due to their possession and elegant coordination of photoautotrophy (CO2 fixation through the Calvin cycle by vegetative cells) and diazotrophy (atmospheric dinitrogen fixation by the …

Is Anabaena autotrophic or heterotrophic?

Photosynthetic autotrophs, which make food for more than 99\% of the organisms on earth, include only three groups of organisms: plants such as the redwood tree (a), algae such as kelp (b), and certain bacteria like this Anabaena (c). Heterotrophs cannot make their own food, so they must eat or absorb it.

Is Anabaena unicellular or multicellular?

Anabaena Azollae is a small filamentous phototrophic cyanobacteria generally seen as a multicellular organism with two distinct, interdependent cell types.

How does Anabaena get energy?

Using sunlight as its only source of energy, Anabaena can generate H2 gas under anaerobic conditions24,25,26. Photobiological H2 production of Anabaena 7120 occurs both in vegetative cells and heterocysts.

Why is a Heterocyst useful to the Anabaena cyanobacteria?

Heterocysts provide nitrogen fixation products to neighboring vegetative cells and in turn receive fixed carbon produced from photosynthesis. The regular spacing of heterocysts along the chain of vegetative cells presumably has evolved to permit efficient distribution of these metabolites within a long filament.

How is Anabaena used as Biofertilizer?

Azolla is a floating pteridophyte, which contains as endosymbiont the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacterium Anabaena azollae (Nostocaceae family). Widely cultivated in the Asian regions, Azolla is either incorporated into the soil before rice transplanting or grown as a dual crop along with rice.

What is Anabaena?

strain PCC 7120 (hereinafter referred to as Anabaena sp.) is a filamentous cyanobacterium in which in the absence of fixed nitrogen, approximately every 10th cell differentiates into a specialized cell called a heterocyst. Heterocysts are the site of nitrogen fixation by the oxygen-sensitive enzyme nitrogenase.

What is the kingdom of Anabaena?

Anabaena belongs to the kingdom Monera.

What is the important role of heterocyst in cyanobacteria?

Mature heterocysts provide the microoxic environment required for nitrogen fixation, spatially separating oxygen-evolving photosynthesis in vegetative cells from nitrogen fixation.