What caused the formation of stars and planets?

The Origins Of Stars And Planets. Like the giant galaxies in which they appear, stars and their planets form when clumps of gas and dust contract to much smaller sizes. During the later stages of the contraction process, a rotating disk of gas and dust formed around the central mass that would become a star.

How did the first stars and galaxies form?

Answer: Results from NASA’s Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) released in February 2003 show that the first stars formed when the universe was only about 200 million years old. Matter clumps under the force of gravity, then the first stars ignite, and finally the structures of galaxies form.

How was the first star formed?

They formed in small protogalaxies that evolved from density fluctuations in the early universe. and helium, the physics of star formation favored the creation of bodies that were many times more massive and luminous than the sun. stars exploded as supernovae, dispersing heavy elements throughout the universe.

How did the collision of hydrogen molecules help in the formations of the first stars?

At these densities the hydrogen molecules collide with other atoms before they have time to emit an infrared photon; this raises the gas temperature and slows down the contraction until the clumps have built up to at least a few hundred solar masses. What was the fate of the first collapsing clumps?

Why do the stars and planets move Why do they not crash into each other?

What keeps planets in their orbit is the balance between the opposing forces of gravity and inertia. The sun’s gravity pulls planets toward it, and inertia keeps planets moving in a straight line.

How does a star collapse?

Gravity constantly works to try and cause the star to collapse. The star’s core, however is very hot which creates pressure within the gas. This pressure counteracts the force of gravity, putting the star into what is called hydrostatic equilibrium.

Did the first stars have planets?

Astronomers hope to use this system to begin to understand how and when the first planets formed in our universe. The star is HIP 11952, and it’s not the only very ancient star known to have planets. But, at an estimated age of 12.8 billion years, this exoplanet system is one of the oldest systems known so far.

What caused the first stars to form quizlet?

Hydrogen and helium gas in these clouds formed the first stars. Supernova explosions from the first stars kept much of the gas from forming stars. Leftover gas settled into a spinning disk due to the conservation of angular momentum.

What happened to the first stars?

It took perhaps 100 million years to form the very first stars in the Universe, but just another million or two after that for the most massive among them to die, creating black holes and spreading heavy, processed elements into the interstellar medium.

What happens to a star that creates elements heavier than hydrogen and helium?

A star’s energy comes from combining light elements into heavier elements in a process known as fusion, or “nuclear burning”. It is generally believed that most of the elements in the universe heavier than helium were created in stars when lighter nuclei fuse to make heavier nuclei.

How much of the universe is made up of helium?

But each helium nucleus is around four times the mass of a hydrogen nucleus, which means that, by number of atoms, the Universe is around 92\% hydrogen and 8\% helium.

How did the first stars form?

Early in the Universe, in a spectacular show of stellar soupification, clouds of hydrogen atoms gathered together. They combined with one another. The collected mass got bigger and bigger, and after a time, ignition. The first stars were alive!

How long did it take for the universe to form hydrogen?

It then took 400,000 years for us to see any light at all. Protons and electrons and other small particles were floating around, but it was far too hot for them to interact. Once the power of the Big Bang finally faded, those protons and electrons paired up and created hydrogen.

What was the temperature of the first star-forming clouds?

The first star-forming clumps were much warmer than the molecular gas clouds in which most stars currently form. Dust grains and molecules containing heavy elements cool the present-day clouds much more efficiently to temperatures of only about 10 kelvins.