What are the different pathways of metabolism of carbohydrates?

Further important pathways in carbohydrate metabolism include the pentose phosphate pathway (conversion of hexose sugars into pentoses), glycogenesis (conversion of excess glucose into glycogen, stimulated by insulin), glycogenolysis (conversion of glycogen polymers into glucose, stimulated by glucagon) and …

What are the names of the 2 alternative pathways for microbial metabolism?

The first is the glycolytic or Embden- Meyerhof-Parnas pathway (Fig. 4-1), the second is the Krebs cycle (also called the citric acid cycle or tricarboxylic acid cycle), and the third is the series of membrane-bound electron transport oxidations coupled to oxidative phosphorylation.

What are the minor pathways of carbohydrate metabolism?

Minor Carbohydrate Pathways: Ribose, Fructose, and Galactose.

Which is an alternative route for the metabolism of glucose?

Another metabolic route that can facilitate glucose breakdown is the gluconate shunt. In this shunt glucose dehydrogenase and gluconate kinase catalyze the two-step conversion of glucose into the pentose phosphate pathway intermediate 6-phosphogluconate.

What is an example of a catabolic pathway?

Examples of catabolic processes include glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, the breakdown of muscle protein in order to use amino acids as substrates for gluconeogenesis, the breakdown of fat in adipose tissue to fatty acids, and oxidative deamination of neurotransmitters by monoamine oxidase.

Where does metabolism of carbohydrates occur in the cell?

Glycogenesis occurs primarily in the liver, skeletal muscles, and kidney. The Glycogenesis pathway consumes energy, like most synthetic pathways, because an ATP and a UTP are consumed for each molecule of glucose introduced.

What is alternative metabolic pathways?

The OPP pathway is an alternative partially independent metabolic pathway connecting mitochondrial respiration and energy metabolism and has a central role in the catabolism of carbohydrates, producing the reductant NADPH (Figure 2).

What are the 4 metabolic pathways?

Metabolic Pathways

• Glucose.
• Glycolysis.
• Eicosanoid Receptor.
• Enzymes.
• Adenosine Triphosphate.
• Mitochondrion.
• In Vivo.
• Lipid.

Which of the following is not the oxidative pathway for glucose?

ANSWER : Option 1 : Glycogenesis is not the oxidative pathway for glycose…

Which is an alternative pathway for glycolysis?

The pentose phosphate pathway is an alternative to glycolysis.

What are the three metabolic pathways?

Cellular respiration is a collection of three unique metabolic pathways: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.

Which acid is obtained from bacterial metabolism of dietary carbohydrate?

Pyruvic acid has been established as the key intermediate substance in the metabolism of carbohydrates by bacteria. Almost all six-, five-, and four-carbon compounds are converted initially to pyruvate, from which substance further catabolic or synthetic reactions proceed.

What is the pathway of carbohydrate metabolism?

The dietary carbohydrates also include sucrose and lactose. Specific disaccharides that convert these sugars into their constituent monosaccharides are present in the brush border of the intestinal epithelial cells. The pathways of carbohydrate metabolism conform to the principles of thermodynamics (Chapter 10 ). Each pathway is overall exergonic.

Is hydrogen transfer a common feature of all metabolic processes?

For example, these investigators recognized that hydrogen transfer is a common and fundamental feature of all metabolic processes. Bacteria, like mammalian and plant cells, use ATP or the high-energy phosphate bond (~ P) as the primary chemical energy source.

Is photosynthesis anaerobic or aerobic in bacteria?

Bacterial photosynthesis is a light-dependent, anaerobic mode of metabolism. Carbon dioxide is reduced to glucose, which is used for both biosynthesis and energy production. Depending on the hydrogen source used to reduce CO2, both photolithotrophic and photoorganotrophic reactions exist in bacteria.

What is the terminal electron acceptor in heterotrophic metabolism?

In fermentation, another type of heterotrophic metabolism, an organic compound rather than oxygen is the terminal electron (or hydrogen) acceptor. Less energy is generated from this incomplete form of glucose oxidation, but the process supports anaerobic growth.