What is the acceptable range of carbon dioxide in the flue gas?

400 ppm
The current ANSI Z21. 47 standard (1998) requires that an air-free flue gas sample of CO not exceed a maximum of 400 ppm (0.04 percent) when a furnace vent is either partially or completely blocked. The average steady-state concentration of CO in the chamber increased as the firing rate increased.

How much CO should be in furnace exhaust?

It’s normal for most modern furnaces to have a CO level of less than 50 PPM in the flue, and older natural draft units can safely skate by with levels as high as 200 PPM. However, a furnace with CO levels higher than 200 PPM in the flue should never be in operation without being adjusted or repaired first.

How much CO2 does a furnace produce?

And, on average, heating an American home with natural gas produces about 6,400 pounds of carbon dioxide (CO2, a major warming gas). Use electricity, and CO2 emissions average about 4,700 pounds. In a cold state like Minnesota, the numbers jump to 8,000 pounds of CO2 for natural gas and 9,900 pounds for electric heat.

How do you calculate CO2 gas in flue?

CO2 from biomass = 4.33 × 0.224 = 0.97 m3. Total amount of dry flue gas per 1 kg wood = 4.872 m3. Therefore \% CO2 = 0.97/4.872 = 19.91 assuming stoichiometric combustion (0 \% O2). For 20 \% excess air = 16.6 \% CO2 For 40 \% excess air = 14.2 \% CO2 For 50 \% excess air = 13.27.

What is the ideal o2 content of flue gas?

between 8.5-10\%
In residential furnaces, optimum fuel-air ratio results in the oxygen level being reduced from 21\% (fresh air) to between 8.5-10\% oxygen by volume after combustion. To test the oxygen level, a tool called a combustion analyzer is used to measures the amount of oxygen remaining in the flue exhaust gas.

What is a bad reading for carbon monoxide?

(Over 70 PPM and under 150 PPM). This is unhealthy air. (10 PPM to 70 PPM is very unhealthy air.) and under 400 PPM).

Does a furnace create CO2?

Every winter when the temperature drops, your furnace can become a silent killer. Gas- and oil-burning furnaces produce carbon monoxide (CO). CO is an invisible, odorless, poison gas that kills hundreds every year and makes thousands more sick.

How do you measure oxygen in flue gas?

To test the oxygen level, a tool called a combustion analyzer is used to measures the amount of oxygen remaining in the flue exhaust gas. While there are many combustion analyzers on the market, all of them include an oxygen sensor.

What is a safe level of CO2 in the home?

Ventilation should keep carbon dioxide concentrations below 1,000 ppm and create indoor air quality conditions that are acceptable to most individuals.

What is a good indoor CO2 level?

Using CO2 as an indicator of ventilation, ASHRAE has recommended indoor CO2 concentrations be maintained at—or below—1,000 ppm in schools and 800 ppm in offices (see chart below). Clearly the outdoor CO2 concentration directly impacts the indoor concentration.

What is the percentage of CO2 in flue gas?

Typical flue gases from natural gas-fired power plants may contain 8-10\% CO 2, 18-20\% H 2 O, 2-3\% O 2, and 67-72\% N 2; typical flue gases from coal-fired boilers may contain 12-14 vol\% CO 2, 8-10 vol\% H 2 O, 3-5 vol \% O 2 and 72-77\% N 2.

What are the side effects of flue furnace?

Flues Vent Exhaust Gases In a perfect furnace, the combustion of natural gas would generate only two side effects: water vapor and carbon dioxide. Neither of these substances pose any serious threat to human health. Unfortunately, virtually no furnaces can achieve 100 percent efficiency.

What is the optimal content of carbon dioxide CO2 after combustion?

Optimal content of carbon dioxide CO2 after combustion is approximately 10\% for natural gas and approximately 13\% for lighter oils. Normal combustion efficiency for natural gas at different combinations of excess air and flue gas temperatures are indicated below:

What is the typical furnace outlet temperature of flue gases?

The typical furnace outlet temperature of flue gases is usually around 1200 °C which will decreases gradually along the pathway of heat transfer, while the temperature of the flue gases going to stack is around 150 °C. Pollution control technologies can remove the SOx, NOx and particulate matter effectively,…

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