What happens when chlorine is added to benzene?

Benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in the presence of a catalyst, replacing one of the hydrogen atoms on the ring by a chlorine or bromine atom. The reactions happen at room temperature. It reacts with some of the chlorine or bromine to form iron(III) chloride, FeCl3, or iron(III) bromide, FeBr3.

What is halogenation of benzene?

Halogenation is an example of electrophillic aromatic substitution. In electrophilic aromatic substitutions, a benzene is attacked by an electrophile which results in substition of hydrogens.

What are the conditions for halogenation of benzene?

Halogenation of Benzene Benzene reacts with bromine or chlorine in an electrophilic substitution reaction only in the presence of a catalyst which is either chloride or iron. Iron is not a catalyst because it changes permanently during the reaction.

What is chlorine addition?

Water chlorination is the process of adding chlorine or chlorine compounds such as sodium hypochlorite to water. This method is used to kill bacteria, viruses and other microbes in water. In particular, chlorination is used to prevent the spread of waterborne diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and typhoid.

What is the role of catalyst used in chlorination of benzene?

Benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in an electrophilic substitution reaction, but only in the presence of a catalyst. These compounds act as the catalyst and behave exactly like aluminum chloride in these reactions.

What is the mechanism of chlorination of benzene?

Halogenation: Benzene reacts with chlorine in the presence of FeCl3 or AlCl3 to form chlorobenzene. Machanism : This involves the following steps. Step 2: The electrophile Cl+ attacks benzene ring to form a carbon cation which is resonance stabilised. Step 3: Loss of a proton to give chlorobenzene.

What is the electrophile in the chlorination of benzene?

As a chlorine molecule approaches the benzene ring, the delocalized electrons in the ring repel electrons in the chlorine-chlorine bond. It is the slightly positive end of the chlorine molecule which acts as the electrophile. The presence of the aluminum chloride helps this polarization.

Why is chlorine added to pools?

The most common chemical used in the treatment of swimming pool water is chlorine. It not only eliminates bacteria and algae by disinfecting (killing) action, it also oxidizes (chemically destroys) other materials such as dirt and chloramines.

What is the electrophile involved in chlorination of benzene?

In the chlorination of benzene, the electrophile is chlorinium ion (Cl+).

How is chlorine an electrophile?

A partial positive charge is gained by the carbon and the chlorine gains a partial negative charge. The electrophile will be the positively charged carbon in this situation. Therefore it acts as an electrophile. …