What measures can the European Union take in order to undo the economic contraction?

Measures for preventing future crises in EU according to the authors are improved debt management, application of Keynesian ideas for overcom- ing the crisis, reform of the criteria for entering the Eurozone, creation of a fiscal union, exit of the PIIGS countries from the Eurozone, taxation of the financial sector and …

Why did the collapse of communism lead to increased mortality?

Why did the collapse of communism lead to increased mortality in Eastern Europe? Those who tried to restore communism were killed by the government. Many people were poor, and there were no more free health services. Fighting broke out in cities, and many people lost their lives.

How did the 2008 recession affect Europe?

The entire economy of the European Union declined by 0.1 percent in the second quarter of 2008. A European Commission forecast predicted Germany, Spain and the UK would all enter a recession by the end of the year while France and Italy would have flat growth in the third quarter following second quarter contractions.

What caused the 2008 recession in Europe?

The eurozone crisis was caused by a balance-of-payments crisis, which is a sudden stop of foreign capital into countries that had substantial deficits and were dependent on foreign lending. The crisis was worsened by the inability of states to resort to devaluation (reductions in the value of the national currency).

Why did the collapse of communism lead to increased mortality in Eastern Europe?

Can the EU avoid a collapse in finance?

The popular sentiment that drove the EU forward over the last 60 years is weakening just as the Union needs to take on new tasks if it is to avoid a collapse in European finance. This is due to a combination of general social trends and two very specific pressures. The general social trend is historical forgetfulness.

What is the European debt crisis and why is it important?

The European debt crisis (often also referred to as the Eurozone crisis or the European sovereign debt crisis) is a multi-year debt crisis that has been taking place in the European Union since the end of 2009.

Is the euro crisis a threat to the European Union?

A break-up the euro is undoubtedly by far the more serious threat to the EU because the scale of the economic losses is potentially so much greater, and the means of controlling those losses much less. As 2013 dawned,the euro crisis appeared slightly less acute than before.

How did the European Central Bank cause the southern euro crisis?

The European Central Bank adopted an interest rate that incentivized investors in Northern eurozone members to lend to the South, whereas the South was incentivized to borrow because interest rates were very low. Over time, this led to the accumulation of deficits in the South, primarily by private economic actors.