Do all propositions need a truth maker in order to be true?

According to truthmaker theory, it seems that propositions are true if and only if they have a truthmaker; that is, a proposition is true just in case it stands in the truthmaking relation to some worldly entity, its truthmaker.

When a proposition is neither true nor false for all possible truth values then it is called as?

This example is called a paradox and is not a proposition, because it is neither true nor false. Each proposition can be assigned one of two truth values. We use T or 1 for true and use F or 0 for false. (a) conjunction: “p and q”, p ∧ q.

Are the laws of logic universal?

Dreams have no logic a lot of times, they exist in our universe in some fashion, therefore, no; the laws of logic are not universal. The rules of logic may be universally applicable, but it’s nearly impossible to test them against counterexamples.

What are law of the excluded middle and law of contradiction?

So while the law of non-contradiction tells us that no statement can be both true and false, the law of excluded middle tells us that they must all be one or the other.

Are propositions truth bearers?

A variety of truth bearers are considered – statements, beliefs, claims, assumptions, hypotheses, propositions, sentences, and utterances. Propositions are distinguished as the primary bearers of truth, while sentences and utterances are properly characterized as true in virtue of expressing true propositions.

How can you be a true bearer of truth?

Truth-bearer candidates include propositions, sentences, sentence-tokens, statements, beliefs, thoughts, intuitions, utterances, and judgements but different authors exclude one or more of these, deny their existence, argue that they are true only in a derivative sense, assert or assume that the terms are synonymous.

Can a false proposition support a true proposition?

One such law is that if a proposition offers a fixed number of alternatives (e.g., the keys are either (i) in your pocket, (ii) on the table, (iii) in the drawer, or (iv) in the car), and all but one of them are false, then the overall proposition cannot be true unless the remaining alternative is true.

What is a proposition that is always false?

A proposition that is always false is called a contradiction.

What is universal truth in philosophy?

A truth is considered to be universal if it is logically valid in and also beyond all times and places. Hence a universal truth is considered logically to transcend the state of the physical universe, whose order is derived from such truths. In this case, such a truth is seen as eternal or as absolute.

What is the universal law in philosophy?

In law and ethics, universal law or universal principle refers as concepts of legal legitimacy actions, whereby those principles and rules for governing human beings’ conduct which are most universal in their acceptability, their applicability, translation, and philosophical basis, are therefore considered to be most …

Which law of logic states that every proposition must be either true or false?

law of excluded middle
In logic, the law of excluded middle (or the principle of excluded middle) states that for every proposition, either this proposition or its negation is true. It is one of the so called three laws of thought, along with the law of noncontradiction, and the law of identity.

What kind of principle states that it is impossible for a thing to be and not to be at the same time?

In logic, the law of non-contradiction (LNC) (also known as the law of contradiction, principle of non-contradiction (PNC), or the principle of contradiction) states that contradictory propositions cannot both be true in the same sense at the same time, e. g. the two propositions “p is the case” and “p is not the case” …