How do you protect a substation?

In a large substation, circuit breakers are used to interrupt any short-circuits or overload currents that may occur on the network. Smaller distribution stations may use re-closer circuit breakers or fuses for protection of distribution circuits.

How do I install a substation?

Steps

1. Establish the work zone.
2. Prepare the substation site.
3. Excavate and lay the foundations.
4. Install the grounding grid.
5. Build the command building.
6. Backfill the foundations and substation yard.
7. Assemble the steel structures.
8. Install the electrical equipment.

What is substation protection and control?

Protection & Controls (P&C) engineering is a division of electrical power engineering that deals with the protection of electric power systems for power generation, transmission, and distribution. Transmission Lines (TLs) Power Circuit Breakers. Electrical Bus & Conductors, etc.

Why do we need protection of substation?

The electrical equipment and circuits in a substation must be protected in order to limit the damages due to abnormal currents and over voltages. All equipment installed in a power electrical system have standardized ratings for short-time withstand current and short duration power frequency voltage.

Which type of relay is used in substation?

The modern practice is to use a voltage operated high impedance relay, set to operate at a voltage slightly higher than that developed by CT under max fault conditions. Hence this type of relay is used with a stabilizing resistor.

What is a wave trap in a substation?

A line trap, also known as wave trap, or high-frequency stopper, is a maintenance-free parallel resonant circuit, mounted inline on high-voltage (HV) AC transmission power lines to prevent the transmission of high frequency (40 kHz to 1000 kHz) carrier signals of power line communication to unwanted destinations.

How long does a substation take to build?

Typically electric substation projects can take 2-3 years from the time management decides to pursuit a project till the time bids are received from a contractor to build it. Actual expenses are typically realized about one year after the date from which the job is awarded to the winning contractor.

What is 11kV substation?

11 KV Substation. Pole-Mounted Sub-Station: 1. It is a distribution sub-station placed overhead on a pole. It is the cheapest form of substation as it does not involve any building work.

How many types of substation are there?

The different types of substations mainly include Step-up Type Substation, Step-down Transformer, Distribution, Underground Distribution, Switchyard, Customer Substation, and System Station.

What earthing is used in substations?

The copper products are used typically to provide electricity substation earthing to medium/high voltage grids containing electrical infrastructure, cables, switchgear and transformers.

How does a protection relay work?

A protection relay mainly works as a sensor. It may find out the fault location and then signal the operation of the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker cuts off the faulty system from the rest of the system and the continuity of the electrical supply is not hampered.

What is circuit breaker in substation?

Circuit breakers are used to open and close circuits. They can be operated manually to perform maintenance or will automatically trip if a short circuit occurs. A disconnect switch is used once a breaker has opened a circuit and no charge is present.

How do I protect my substation from lightning strikes?

Substations need a shield to protect itself from lightning strikes. Install a combination of lightning masts and shield wires that provides adequate lightning strike coverage. It should be noted, creating 100\% coverage is impossible.

How do I plan a substation layout?

The first step in planning a substation layout is the preparation of a one-line diagram which shows in simplified form the switching and protection arrangement required, as well as the incoming supply lines and outgoing feeders or transmission lines. One-line diagram should include principal elements: Lines Switches Circuit breakers Transformers

What is an electrical substation?

An electrical substation is a subsidiary station of an electricity generation, transmission and distribution system where voltage is transformed from high to low or the reverse using transformers. Electric power may flow through several substations between generating plant and consumer, and may be changed in voltage in several steps.

How far apart should distribution substations be located?

Distribution substations should be located as close to the load to be served as possible. In addition, future load requirement should be planned accurate. The level of distribution voltage is also very important consideration. Generally, the higher the distribution voltage, the farther apart substations may be located.