How does a shaped charge work?

A shaped charge is a concave metal hemisphere or cone (known as a liner) backed by a high explosive, all in a steel or aluminum casing. A detonator is activated to initiate the explosive material to generate a detonation wave. This wave collapses the liner and a high velocity metallic jet is formed.

Do shaped charges work underwater?

When fired under water, a Linear Shaped Charge (LSC) does not penetrate a steel target as well as in air. The blunt impact also indicates the water was transferring the force rather than a blade impacting the target. This confirms that both the mass and incompressibility of water are at work.

What explosives are used in shaped charges?

The common term in military terminology for shaped-charge warheads is high-explosive anti-tank warhead (HEAT). HEAT warheads are frequently used in anti-tank guided missiles, unguided rockets, gun-fired projectiles (both spun and unspun), rifle grenades, land mines, bomblets, torpedoes, and various other weapons.

What is the Munroe effect?

Definition of Munroe effect : the greatly increased penetration of an explosive into a surface (as of metal or concrete) that is caused by shaping a conical or hemispherical hollow in the forward end of an explosive cartridge.

How do hollow charges work?

Hollow charges function due to a phenomenon called the Monroe effect or Neumann effect. This is the observation that a hole in a block of explosive will cause the resulting blast to be focused inwards.

How do linear shaped charges work?

How do shaped charges work? In Linear Shaped Charges, the LSC or FLSC explosive material generates a detonation high pressure wave traveling through its length. The focusing of the high-pressure wave collapses the metal sheath forming a high velocity metallic jet.

What are shaped charges made out of?

military explosives A shaped charge normally consists of a cone made of metal or glass surrounded by a high-strength, high-density explosive and means to obtain the proper standoff,…

What is meant by shaped charge?

Definition of shaped charge : an explosive charge the energy of which is focused in one direction so that it usually achieves an armor-penetrating effect.

Who invented shape charge?

Shaped charge warheads were promoted internationally by the Swiss inventor Henry Mohaupt, who exhibited the weapon before World War II. Before 1939, Mohaupt demonstrated his invention to British and French ordnance authorities.

What is a shaped charge made of?

The shaped charge, principally the hand-fired rocket, is another highly publicized product introduced during World War II. A shaped charge normally consists of a cone made of metal or glass surrounded by a high-strength, high-density explosive and means to obtain the proper standoff,…

What is a linear shaped charge?

Linear Shaped Charge (LSC) is used to cut various types of metal in separation systems, from launch vehicles to missiles, in space, military and underwater applications. Linear Shaped Charge is a continuous explosive core enclosed in a seamless metal sheath, formed into an appropriate shape to sever the target.

What does a shaped charge look like?

25.3. A shaped charge is usually a conical shape, as shown in Fig. 25.3. The explosive charge is often contained in a plastic tube whose upper part looks like a cylinder and whose lower part ends at a cone of metallic liner. The liner material may be steel, aluminum, copper, and other metallic materials.

What is a truncated cone hollow point bullet?

The truncated cone hollow point (TCHP) is a truncated cone bullet with a hole in the tip to promote expansion on impact and to boost the stopping power. The standard truncated cone is a smooth-feeding bullet with more penetration than your average round nose or soft point, due to the shape.

What is the centre of gravity of hollow cone from base?

The centre of gravity of hollow cone from base is 3h and vertex (or top) is 32h

How do you find the ratio of a hollow cone?

A hollow cone is cut by a plane parallel to the base and the upper portion is removed. If the curved surface of the remainder is 89 of the curved surface of the whole cone, find the ratio of the line segments into which the cone’s altitude is divided by the plane.

What happens when an explosive is fired from a hollow object?

If the hollow is properly shaped (usually conically), the enormous pressure generated by the detonation of the explosive drives the liner in the hollow cavity inward to collapse upon its central axis. The resulting collision forms and projects a high-velocity jet of metal particles forward along the axis.