What does 1mm horizontal ST segment depression indicate?

Numerous studies,1–13 including two from our laboratory,1,2 have shown that a horizontal or downsloping ST-segment depression ≥1 mm in response to exercise is a powerful harbinger for future coronary events (CE), ie, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction (MI), or sudden cardiac death, in an apparently healthy …

How much ST elevation is significant?

An ST elevation is considered significant if the vertical distance inside the ECG trace and the baseline at a point 0.04 seconds after the J-point is at least 0.1 mV (usually representing 1 mm or 1 small square) in a limb lead or 0.2 mV (2 mm or 2 small squares) in a precordial lead.

Is ST depression normal during stress test?

Healthy individuals often achieve high heart rates which may induce normal (physiological) ST depressions (typically with an upsloping ST segment) that are not caused by ischemia. Approximately 20\% of healthy subjects display ST depressions during exercise testing.

What is normal ST depression?

ST segment elevation or depression up to 0.1 mV generally is considered within normal limits.

What does slight ST depression mean?

ST depression in ECG at entry indicates severe coronary lesions and large benefits of an early invasive treatment strategy in unstable coronary artery disease; the FRISC II ECG substudy. The Fast Revascularisation during InStability in Coronary artery disease. Eur Heart J.

What does ST segment depression indicate?

ST depression occurs when the J point is displaced below baseline. Just like ST elevation, not all ST depression represents myocardial ischemia or an emergent condition. There are multiple conditions associated with ST depression. Some of these include hypokalemia, cardiac ischemia, and medications such as digitalis.

How is ST elevation and depression measured?

ST segment deviation (elevation, depression) is measured as the height difference (in millimeters) between the J point and the baseline (the PR segment). ST segment deviation occurs in a wide range of conditions, particularly acute myocardial ischemia.

How many mm of ST depression is significant?

ST segment depression may be determined by measuring the vertical distance between the patient’s trace and the isoelectric line at a location 2-3 millimeters from the QRS complex. It is significant if it is more than 1 mm in V5-V6, or 1.5 mm in AVF or III.

How serious is ST depression?

Conclusions: In unstable coronary artery disease, ST-segment depression is associated with a 100\% increase in the occurrence of three-vessel/left main disease and to an increased risk of subsequent cardiac events. In these patients an early invasive strategy substantially decreases death/myocardial infarction.

How do you calculate ST depression?

ST segment deviation (elevation, depression) is measured as the height difference (in millimeters) between the J point and the baseline (the PR segment).

Can stress cause ST segment depression?

An ischemic zone of 50\% transmural extent covering the entire left ventricular subendocardium caused an ST-depression pattern similar to that observed during stress test. Conclusion: In contrast to regional subendocardial ischemia, global subendocardial ischemia can explain ST depression in our model.

Is ST depression normal during exercise?

The J point (the point of inflection at the junction of the S wave and ST segment) becomes depressed during exercise, with maximum depression at peak exercise. The normal ST segment during exercise therefore slopes sharply upwards.